Do Inhaled Corticosteroids have a Long- Term Effect on Growth and Bone Density in Children ? :: essays research papers

Research Synthesis Paper According to American Academy of Pediatrics, â€Å"It is estimated that approximately 15 million people in the United States suffer from Asthma. Asthma is the most common chronic illness in children† ( Schlienger 2004). Although inhaled steroids have been established as the preventive treatment of choice, few studies have been conducted to assess the risks of inhaled steroid therapy. Inhaled corticosteroids are absorbed into the systemic circulation, but the extent to which they have adverse effects on bone density and growth is uncertain. The question is important since according to AAOP, â€Å"10% of the American population take an inhaled corticosteroid regularly and may do so for many years† (2005). In the present paper the role that inhaled corticosteriod steroids have on growth and bone density of children is investigated.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Current guidelines recommend the use of inhaled corticosteroids for children and adolescents with mild persistent or more severe forms of asthma claiming they are safer then oral steroids. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, â€Å"Inhalation targets corticosteroids directly to the site of airway inflammation with fewer adverse effects compared with oral administration. However, a considerable portion of an inhaled steroid dose is deposited in the oropharynx and subsequently swallowed and absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Some fraction will be bioavailable to the systemic circulation, thereby potentially increasing the risk of adverse systemic corticosteroid effects† (Napoli, 2001). In the Healthy People 2010 report, the goal concerning respiratory diseases is to â€Å"promote respiratory health through better prevention, detection, treatment, and education†. Effective health management strategies for meeting this goal include: â€Å"controlling factors that trigger asthma, such as upper-respiratory infections, allergens, food or drug allergies, emotional upset, irritants, and exercise; use pharmacologic intervention tailored to the severity of the disease; provide objective monitoring of lung function; and educate patients with asthma to become active participants in their own care† (HP, 2000). This relates to this topic because education is very important in caring for a patient with asthma. The patient should be taught how to use the corticosteriods and possible side effects that can occur. It is also important to teach patients how to reduce the incidence of asthma so the use of corticosteriods might not be needed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Through my research I learned that studies investigating the association between inhaled corticosteroid use and bone-mineral density in adults have given inconsistent results. These studies have been small, the duration of treatment has been short, and most have been confounded by patients' previous use of oral corticosteroids.